{
 "edition": "2026-10-21",
 "publisher": "the Watts & Tons team",
 "items": [
  {
   "id": "power",
   "cat": "Power",
   "label": "US average retail electricity (BLS CPI average price, U.S. city average)",
   "value": 0.196,
   "unit": "$/kWh",
   "as_of": "2026-09",
   "source": "https://data.bls.gov/timeseries/APU000072610",
   "verified": true,
   "history": [
    [
     "2017-01",
     0.134
    ],
    [
     "2017-02",
     0.135
    ],
    [
     "2017-03",
     0.134
    ],
    [
     "2017-04",
     0.135
    ],
    [
     "2017-05",
     0.137
    ],
    [
     "2017-06",
     0.142
    ],
    [
     "2017-07",
     0.143
    ],
    [
     "2017-08",
     0.142
    ],
    [
     "2017-09",
     0.142
    ],
    [
     "2017-10",
     0.137
    ],
    [
     "2017-11",
     0.136
    ],
    [
     "2017-12",
     0.136
    ],
    [
     "2018-01",
     0.135
    ],
    [
     "2018-02",
     0.135
    ],
    [
     "2018-03",
     0.135
    ],
    [
     "2018-04",
     0.134
    ],
    [
     "2018-05",
     0.136
    ],
    [
     "2018-06",
     0.139
    ],
    [
     "2018-07",
     0.139
    ],
    [
     "2018-08",
     0.139
    ],
    [
     "2018-09",
     0.138
    ],
    [
     "2018-10",
     0.136
    ],
    [
     "2018-11",
     0.134
    ],
    [
     "2018-12",
     0.135
    ],
    [
     "2019-01",
     0.135
    ],
    [
     "2019-02",
     0.136
    ],
    [
     "2019-03",
     0.135
    ],
    [
     "2019-04",
     0.135
    ],
    [
     "2019-05",
     0.136
    ],
    [
     "2019-06",
     0.139
    ],
    [
     "2019-07",
     0.14
    ],
    [
     "2019-08",
     0.139
    ],
    [
     "2019-09",
     0.139
    ],
    [
     "2019-10",
     0.136
    ],
    [
     "2019-11",
     0.133
    ],
    [
     "2019-12",
     0.133
    ],
    [
     "2020-01",
     0.134
    ],
    [
     "2020-02",
     0.134
    ],
    [
     "2020-03",
     0.134
    ],
    [
     "2020-04",
     0.133
    ],
    [
     "2020-05",
     0.134
    ],
    [
     "2020-06",
     0.137
    ],
    [
     "2020-07",
     0.137
    ],
    [
     "2020-08",
     0.137
    ],
    [
     "2020-09",
     0.137
    ],
    [
     "2020-10",
     0.135
    ],
    [
     "2020-11",
     0.136
    ],
    [
     "2020-12",
     0.136
    ],
    [
     "2021-01",
     0.136
    ],
    [
     "2021-02",
     0.137
    ],
    [
     "2021-03",
     0.138
    ],
    [
     "2021-04",
     0.139
    ],
    [
     "2021-05",
     0.14
    ],
    [
     "2021-06",
     0.142
    ],
    [
     "2021-07",
     0.143
    ],
    [
     "2021-08",
     0.144
    ],
    [
     "2021-09",
     0.144
    ],
    [
     "2021-10",
     0.142
    ],
    [
     "2021-11",
     0.142
    ],
    [
     "2021-12",
     0.142
    ],
    [
     "2022-01",
     0.147
    ],
    [
     "2022-02",
     0.148
    ],
    [
     "2022-03",
     0.15
    ],
    [
     "2022-04",
     0.151
    ],
    [
     "2022-05",
     0.154
    ],
    [
     "2022-06",
     0.16
    ],
    [
     "2022-07",
     0.164
    ],
    [
     "2022-08",
     0.167
    ],
    [
     "2022-09",
     0.167
    ],
    [
     "2022-10",
     0.166
    ],
    [
     "2022-11",
     0.163
    ],
    [
     "2022-12",
     0.165
    ],
    [
     "2023-01",
     0.168
    ],
    [
     "2023-02",
     0.168
    ],
    [
     "2023-03",
     0.166
    ],
    [
     "2023-04",
     0.165
    ],
    [
     "2023-05",
     0.165
    ],
    [
     "2023-06",
     0.17
    ],
    [
     "2023-07",
     0.169
    ],
    [
     "2023-08",
     0.17
    ],
    [
     "2023-09",
     0.171
    ],
    [
     "2023-10",
     0.169
    ],
    [
     "2023-11",
     0.168
    ],
    [
     "2023-12",
     0.169
    ],
    [
     "2024-01",
     0.173
    ],
    [
     "2024-02",
     0.173
    ],
    [
     "2024-03",
     0.174
    ],
    [
     "2024-04",
     0.173
    ],
    [
     "2024-05",
     0.175
    ],
    [
     "2024-06",
     0.178
    ],
    [
     "2024-07",
     0.178
    ],
    [
     "2024-08",
     0.177
    ],
    [
     "2024-09",
     0.178
    ],
    [
     "2024-10",
     0.177
    ],
    [
     "2024-11",
     0.176
    ],
    [
     "2024-12",
     0.176
    ],
    [
     "2025-01",
     0.179
    ],
    [
     "2025-02",
     0.179
    ],
    [
     "2025-03",
     0.181
    ],
    [
     "2025-04",
     0.181
    ],
    [
     "2025-05",
     0.182
    ],
    [
     "2025-06",
     0.19
    ],
    [
     "2025-07",
     0.189
    ],
    [
     "2025-08",
     0.19
    ],
    [
     "2025-09",
     0.188
    ],
    [
     "2025-11",
     0.189
    ],
    [
     "2025-12",
     0.189
    ],
    [
     "2026-01",
     0.192
    ],
    [
     "2026-02",
     0.189
    ],
    [
     "2026-03",
     0.19
    ],
    [
     "2026-04",
     0.194
    ],
    [
     "2026-05",
     0.196
    ],
    [
     "2026-06",
     0.198
    ],
    [
     "2026-07",
     0.197
    ],
    [
     "2026-08",
     0.196
    ],
    [
     "2026-09",
     0.196
    ]
   ],
   "prior": 0.196,
   "prior_note": "prior month (2026-08)"
  },
  {
   "id": "wholesale",
   "cat": "Power",
   "label": "PJM West hub real-time peak, weighted avg (ICE via EIA)",
   "value": 265.4,
   "unit": "$/MWh",
   "as_of": "trade date 2026-10-13",
   "source": "https://www.eia.gov/electricity/wholesale/",
   "data_file": "https://www.eia.gov/electricity/wholesale/xls/ice_electric-2026.xlsx",
   "verified": true,
   "history": [
    [
     "2026-08-12",
     75.91
    ],
    [
     "2026-08-13",
     60.19
    ],
    [
     "2026-08-14",
     88.97
    ],
    [
     "2026-08-17",
     71.58
    ],
    [
     "2026-08-18",
     73.72
    ],
    [
     "2026-08-20",
     54.1
    ],
    [
     "2026-08-21",
     45.09
    ],
    [
     "2026-08-24",
     40.59
    ],
    [
     "2026-08-25",
     51.84
    ],
    [
     "2026-08-26",
     62.87
    ],
    [
     "2026-08-27",
     55.05
    ],
    [
     "2026-08-28",
     117.68
    ],
    [
     "2026-08-31",
     140.24
    ],
    [
     "2026-09-01",
     119.29
    ],
    [
     "2026-09-03",
     128.33
    ],
    [
     "2026-09-04",
     63.11
    ],
    [
     "2026-09-08",
     77.96
    ],
    [
     "2026-09-09",
     73.49
    ],
    [
     "2026-09-10",
     62.15
    ],
    [
     "2026-09-11",
     59.81
    ],
    [
     "2026-09-14",
     65.31
    ],
    [
     "2026-09-15",
     117.4
    ],
    [
     "2026-09-17",
     173.97
    ],
    [
     "2026-09-18",
     74.69
    ],
    [
     "2026-09-21",
     63.06
    ],
    [
     "2026-09-22",
     52.15
    ],
    [
     "2026-09-23",
     46.27
    ],
    [
     "2026-09-24",
     44.98
    ],
    [
     "2026-09-25",
     58.85
    ],
    [
     "2026-09-28",
     83.35
    ],
    [
     "2026-09-29",
     124.31
    ],
    [
     "2026-10-01",
     152.34
    ],
    [
     "2026-10-02",
     75.33
    ],
    [
     "2026-10-05",
     66.93
    ],
    [
     "2026-10-06",
     69.07
    ],
    [
     "2026-10-07",
     92.72
    ],
    [
     "2026-10-08",
     81.28
    ],
    [
     "2026-10-09",
     123.96
    ],
    [
     "2026-10-12",
     160.26
    ],
    [
     "2026-10-13",
     265.4
    ]
   ],
   "prior": null,
   "wow_prior": 69.07,
   "wow_date": "2026-10-06",
   "note": "Single-hub daily spot price; volatile."
  },
  {
   "id": "compute",
   "cat": "Compute",
   "label": "H100 SXM rental, Ornn Compute Price Index (OCPI)",
   "value": 3.09,
   "unit": "$/GPU-hour",
   "as_of": "2026-10-21",
   "source": "https://data.ornn.com/",
   "verified": true,
   "history": [],
   "prior": null
  },
  {
   "id": "freight",
   "cat": "Freight",
   "label": "Class I rail average freight revenue (BTS NTS Table 3-21)",
   "value": 0.0438,
   "unit": "$/ton-mile",
   "as_of": "2024 (annual)",
   "source": "https://www.bts.gov/content/average-freight-revenue-ton-mile",
   "verified": false,
   "note": "Figure came from a search summary of the BTS table; the BTS spreadsheet download was blocked (403), so not confirmed from the source file.",
   "history": [],
   "prior": null
  },
  {
   "id": "launch",
   "cat": "Launch",
   "label": "SpaceX rideshare published rate, 2026 launches (SSO/LEO)",
   "value": 7000,
   "unit": "$/kg to orbit",
   "as_of": "2026-08",
   "source": "https://newspacemarket.com/intelligence/launch-index/",
   "verified": true,
   "history": [
    [
     "2023",
     5500
    ],
    [
     "2024",
     6000
    ],
    [
     "2025",
     6500
    ],
    [
     "2026",
     7000
    ],
    [
     "2027",
     7500
    ]
   ],
   "prior": null
  },
  {
   "id": "copper",
   "cat": "Metals",
   "label": "Copper, LME grade A (World Bank Pink Sheet)",
   "value": 14474.0,
   "unit": "$/metric ton",
   "as_of": "2026-09",
   "source": "https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/74e8be41ceb20fa0da750cda2f6b9e4e-0050012026/related/CMO-Historical-Data-Monthly.xlsx",
   "verified": true,
   "history": [
    [
     "2025-10",
     10740.0
    ],
    [
     "2025-11",
     10812.0
    ],
    [
     "2025-12",
     11785.0
    ],
    [
     "2026-01",
     13012.0
    ],
    [
     "2026-02",
     12951.0
    ],
    [
     "2026-03",
     12529.0
    ],
    [
     "2026-04",
     12951.0
    ],
    [
     "2026-05",
     13543.0
    ],
    [
     "2026-06",
     13552.0
    ],
    [
     "2026-07",
     13543.0
    ],
    [
     "2026-08",
     14326.0
    ],
    [
     "2026-09",
     14474.0
    ]
   ],
   "prior": 14326.0,
   "prior_note": "prior month"
  },
  {
   "id": "aluminum",
   "cat": "Metals",
   "label": "Aluminum (World Bank Pink Sheet)",
   "value": 3283.0,
   "unit": "$/metric ton",
   "as_of": "2026-09",
   "source": "https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/74e8be41ceb20fa0da750cda2f6b9e4e-0050012026/related/CMO-Historical-Data-Monthly.xlsx",
   "verified": true,
   "history": [
    [
     "2025-10",
     2793.0
    ],
    [
     "2025-11",
     2819.0
    ],
    [
     "2025-12",
     2876.0
    ],
    [
     "2026-01",
     3142.0
    ],
    [
     "2026-02",
     3065.0
    ],
    [
     "2026-03",
     3373.0
    ],
    [
     "2026-04",
     3600.0
    ],
    [
     "2026-05",
     3666.0
    ],
    [
     "2026-06",
     3439.0
    ],
    [
     "2026-07",
     3161.0
    ],
    [
     "2026-08",
     3251.0
    ],
    [
     "2026-09",
     3283.0
    ]
   ],
   "prior": 3251.0,
   "prior_note": "prior month"
  },
  {
   "id": "carbon",
   "cat": "Carbon",
   "label": "California\u2013Qu\u00e9bec joint auction #48 current-auction settlement price",
   "value": 32.48,
   "unit": "$/metric ton CO2e",
   "as_of": "2026-08-19",
   "source": "https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2026-08/nc-aug_2026_summary_results_report.pdf",
   "verified": true,
   "history": [
    [
     "2024-08",
     30.24
    ],
    [
     "2024-11",
     31.91
    ],
    [
     "2025-02",
     29.27
    ],
    [
     "2025-05",
     25.87
    ],
    [
     "2025-08",
     28.76
    ],
    [
     "2025-11",
     28.32
    ],
    [
     "2026-02",
     27.94
    ],
    [
     "2026-05",
     28.81
    ],
    [
     "2026-08",
     32.48
    ]
   ],
   "history_source": "https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2020-08/results_summary.pdf",
   "prior": 28.81,
   "prior_note": "prior quarterly auction (May 2026)"
  }
 ],
 "constants": [
  {
   "id": "h100_watts",
   "label": "H100 SXM max thermal design power",
   "value": 700,
   "unit": "W",
   "source": "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/data-center/h100/",
   "as_of": "2026-10-21 (fetched)",
   "verified": true
  }
 ],
 "omitted": [
  {
   "item": "Steel $/ton",
   "reason": "FRED still in maintenance (retried 2026-10-21); BLS PPI WPU101 is an index, not $/ton, so not used"
  },
  {
   "item": "EU ETS $/tonne",
   "reason": "retried EEX auction page 2026-10-21; it lists no clearing prices; not confirmed"
  },
  {
   "item": "Verra fee schedule",
   "reason": "fetch interrupted; not confirmed"
  },
  {
   "item": "Freight energy intensity (kWh to ton-miles physical conversion)",
   "reason": "no source fetched; omitted"
  }
 ],
 "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AQnwQHMnCrE"
}